Write and explain a regex pattern for extracting structured data

I need a regular expression to extract specific information from text strings. Here is the context:

- Target environment where regex will run: {{ENVIRONMENT}} (e.g., Python re module, Google Sheets REGEXEXTRACT, PostgreSQL, JavaScript)
- What I want to extract: {{EXTRACTION_GOAL}}
- Example input strings (include at least one tricky edge case): {{EXAMPLE_STRINGS}}
- Expected output for each example: {{EXPECTED_OUTPUT}}

Please do the following:

1. Write a regex pattern that handles all the examples I provided. If the environment requires a specific syntax (e.g., single vs. double escape), apply it.
2. Break down the pattern component by component with a short plain-English explanation of each part.
3. Show the pattern applied to each of my example strings so I can verify the output.
4. List at least 3 input variations that could break this pattern, and suggest how to extend it for each.
5. If a regex is not the right tool here (e.g., the structure is too irregular or a simple split would be faster), say so and suggest an alternative approach.